COIMBRA
One of the World’s Oldest University Towns
Coimbra, one of Portugal’s most historic and culturally rich cities, sits on the banks of the Mondego River in central Portugal. Once the nation’s capital during the 12th and 13th centuries, Coimbra is best known today for its prestigious University of Coimbra, one of the oldest in Europe and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. With its medieval architecture, old student traditions, and rich cultural heritage, Coimbra is a city that blends history with youthful energy.
Coimbra’s history dates back to Roman times, when it was known as Aeminium. The city grew in importance after the fall of the Roman Empire and played a key role in Portugal’s early state formation. The University of Coimbra, founded in 1290, has shaped the city’s identity for centuries, and its influence is felt in the traditions and rituals that continue to this day. One of the most spectacular university buildings is the Joanina Library, an 18th-century Baroque masterpiece filled with ornate woodwork, gilded decorations, and rare books. Other highlights within the university include the Paço das Escolas, the Royal Palace turned university courtyard, and the Chapel of São Miguel, with its stunning azulejo tilework.
Beyond the university, Coimbra is home to several significant landmarks. The Sé Velha (Old Cathedral) is one of Portugal’s finest examples of Romanesque architecture, dating back to the 12th century, while the Sé Nova (New Cathedral) showcases later architectural influences. The Monastery of Santa Clara-a-Velha, once submerged by the rising waters of the Mondego River, has been carefully restored and offers a fascinating glimpse into Portugal’s medieval religious history. Nearby, the Monastery of Santa Clara-a-Nova houses the tomb of Queen Saint Isabel, known for the famous "Miracle of the Roses" legend.
Coimbra’s charm extends beyond its historic sites. The city's streets are filled with traditional cafés, bookstores, and music venues, where visitors can experience Coimbra-style Fado, a variation of Portugal’s melancholic musical tradition, performed exclusively by male singers dressed in academic black robes. Every May, the city hosts Queima das Fitas, a graduation festival where students celebrate with colorful parades, concerts, and nighttime revelry.
The local cuisine reflects the flavors of Central Portugal, featuring dishes like Chanfana, a slow-cooked goat stew in red wine, and Leitão à Bairrada, a famous suckling pig dish from the nearby Bairrada region. Coimbra also offers Pastéis de Santa Clara, delicate pastries filled with almond and egg yolk cream.
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